Human: a curious case of symbiont body and parasitic brain

Science believe that humans have evolved through organic evolution,

and our distant ancestors were Amoeba like one cell organism.

Gradually in long course of time, 

cell grouped to form tissues, then tissue system, organ, organ system 

and the result is here, 

 Homo sapiens

the last and latest biological creation of nature.

http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2012/01/biological-classification-kingdom.html

Multicellularity in organic evolution: a new perspective

1. Symbiont body:

Actually our cell, cell organelle and even chromosomes are other organisms, embedded in.

It appears that we humans are the 'symbiotic probability', a mechanism of 'living in group' (multicellularity) found best by mother nature, to survive on earthly environment.

So at a given space and time, we are not one, we are many in full potential, behaving as one for the greater benefit of each participant in this trillion of individuals working jointly in the body of ours.
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2012/02/cell-multicellularity-in-new.html

1.Cyanoebacteria with incipient nucleus are the flag bearers of life. Life moved onward on evolutionary path with these simpler non nucleated structures, then came the Amoeba like one cell organism with true nucleus. Then on, evolutionary journey up to the appearance of human is a long course of history in organic evolution.

But are not these Cyanoebacteria still with us, within our body, in each cell of every plant and animal of today as their cell organelle, namely Mitochondria and Plastids, secretly hidden, playing pivotal role in our existential physiology?
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2013/02/mitochondrion-cell-organelle-symbiotic.html
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2013/02/chloroplast-cell-organelle-symbiotic.html

2.Each cell of our body among it's trillions fraternity, is a group of potential organism in itself capable of living an individual life of their own; have discarded their individuality just for the sake of combine symbiotic existence for the greater benefit. When even a single cell choose to lose this self abiding contract of sacrifice and becomes unruly in a way, then whole human body as an organization is at loss and have to die.
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2013/12/cancer-cell-behaving-as-organism.html

So in a way we are the assemblage of trillion of individual capable animals, who have forgotten their individuality just for the sake of 'evolutionary code of conduct learned & stored in DNA'.
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2014/05/multicellularity-programmed-cell-death.html

3.Viruses which are proven cellular organisms (http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2013/03/viruses-are-cellular-organisms.html) lie hidden in our chromosomes as endogenous retroviruses in thousands. http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2014/03/100000-viruses-hid-in-human-genes.html

4.Human body as collection of organisms:
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2014/03/human-body-and-theseus-paradox.html
Many a time our single cell have shown their individuality and capabilities of their own, which amazes the physiologist.
http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2013/04/red-blood-corpuscle-enucleation-and-in.html 


#And apart from that, the 'parasitic play in the body', is another angle, which alternates our thinking, even much before we perceive that long interplay.
2. Parasitic brain:
We normally presume that the animals are in control of their own actions, that they are in charge of their bodies. And that is often not the case.
https://www.ted.com/talks/ed_yong_suicidal_wasps_zombie_roaches_and_other_tales_of_parasites

As Ed Yong the science writer and Ted speaker (https://www.ted.com/speakers/ed_yong) talks about how parasites turn our thinking sideways.

In an example of Artemia, parasitic tapeworm hijacks their brains and their bodies, turning them into vehicles for getting itself into a flamingo. Ed Yong has given many examples of parasitic manipulation.
https://www.ted.com/talks/ed_yong_suicidal_wasps_zombie_roaches_and_other_tales_of_parasites/transcript 

Ed Yong says, we place such a premium on our free will and our independence that the prospect of losing those qualities to forces unseen informs many of our deepest societal fears. Orwellian dystopias and shadowy cabals and mind-controlling supervillains -- these are tropes that fill our darkest fiction, but in nature, they happen all the time. 

Ed Yong 

Photo: James Duncan Davidson

Humans, of course, are no stranger to manipulation. We take drugs to shift the chemistries of our brains and to change our moods, and what are arguments or advertising or big ideas if not an attempt to influence someone else's mind? But our attempts at doing this are crude and blundering compared to the fine-grained specificity of the parasites.

Yong is particularly taken by parasites’ “capacity to subvert our thinking about the world… They invite us to look at the world sideways. And this makes them as wonderful and charismatic and wonderful as any panda, butterfly, or dolphin.”
http://blog.ted.com/2014/03/20/how-parasites-turn-our-thinking-sideways-ed-yong-at-ted2014/
http://proof.nationalgeographic.com/2014/10/31/catching-zombies-in-the-act-how-to-picture-parasites/#.VFzLVHO1qGE.twitter

Periodic Table of Dmitri Mendeleev and Sanskrit grammar

Grammar of elements 
Who would have thought that there is some connection between Sanskrit alphabet and the periodic table?

Periodic Table
The periodic table is a two-dimensional display of Chemical elements arranged according to their atomic numbers. The rows are called periods, and when you move from left to right the atomic numbers increase. There are gaps in some rows to ensure that Chemical elements with similar properties stay in the same column.(http://vishal12.wordpress.com/2012/03/12/sankrit-in-the-periodic-table/)

Dmitri Mendeleev
When the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev published his periodic table of elements in 1869, there were just fifty-nine entries on it. The table grouped those elements

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

8 February 1834 – 2 February 1907

pic credit:http://www.rsc.org/education/

teachers/resources/periodictable/pre16/

develop/mendeleev.htm

The table also contained thirty-three empty spaces that implied that there were elements still to be discovered. He gave these still-hypothetical elements names like  ekasilicon, ekaaluminium and ekaboron (germanium, gallium and scandium, respectively). “Eka-” is a Sanskrit prefix meaning “one,” so you can think of the names as silicon 1, aluminum 1, and so on. For his predicted eight elements, he used the prefixes of eka, dvi, and tri (Sanskrit one, two, three) in their naming. By year 1939, all of Mendeleev’s boxes had been filled in; the last one was “ekacesium,” now called francium.

Numerals in Sanskrit
Mendeleev chose Sanskrit names (now-superseded) for eight elements in the periodic table. His chosen names are given as follows for eight elements which he predicted but were not discovered in his days.


Eka-aluminium —– Gallium
Eka-boron —– Scandium
Eka-silicon —– Germanium
Eka-manganese —– Technetium
Tri-manganese —– Rhenium
Dvi-tellurium —– Polonium
Dvi-caesium —– Francium
Eka-tantalum —– Protactinium
(http://www.boiledbeans.net/2008/04/13/eek-do-teen/)

It appears that Mendeleev was inspired by the two-dimensional arrangement of Sanskrit sounds, which he indirectly acknowledged in his naming scheme of chemical elements. Also, Eka which is the Sanskrit for one or first, is a prefix which was applied to the first undiscovered element in a group of the periodic system

What Mendeleev couldn’t have imagined was that scientists would one day begin creating elements not found naturally.(http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/elements/2013/08/unumpentium-the-new-artificial-element.html)

Dmitri Mendeleev and Sanskrit 

By giving Sanskrit names to his "missing" elements, Mendeleev showed his appreciation and debt to the Sanskrit grammarians of ancient India, who had created sophisticated theories of language based on their discovery of the two-dimensional patterns in basic sounds. According to Professor Paul Kiparsky of Stanford University, Mendeleev was a friend and colleague of the Sanskritist Böhtlingk, who was preparing the second edition of his book on Pāṇini at about this time, and Mendeleev wished to honor Pāṇini with his nomenclature. Noting that there are striking similarities between the periodic table and the introductory Śiva Sūtras in Pāṇini's grammar, Prof. Kiparsky says:

[T]he analogies between the two systems are striking. Just as Panini found that the phonological patterning of sounds in the language is a function of their articulatory properties, so Mendeleev found that the chemical properties of elements are a function of their atomic weights. Like Panini, Mendeleev arrived at his discovery through a search for the "grammar" of the elements...(share courtesy:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitri_Mendeleev)

Notes for further study:

Max Muller, the great Indologist, Sanskrit pundit and an authority on Veda. sums up his version, of Sanskrit language and it's contribution to the rest of the Europen language in following lines: "the Sanskrit, by it's most ancient literary documents, the Vedas, it can teach us lessons which nothing else can teach, as to the origin of our own language, the first formation of our own concepts, and the true natural gems of all that is comprehended under the name of civilization, at least the civilization of the Aryan race, that race to which we and all the greatest nations of the world - the Hindus, the Persians, the Greeks and Romans, the Slaves, the Celts, and last, not least, the Teutons belong.

(India-What can it teach us by F.Max Muller, page:107, penguin books publication, year 2000)

It is interesting to note that in above studies, Max Muller has given many examples of the mentioned all 7 races, there are still many Sanskrit root words, which still exits with the same meanings.

In another studies based on genetics and Indo Europen language relationship:

Genetics of Indo-Europen populations: The past, the future

by: Balanovsky, Oleg, Utevska, Olga, Balanovska Elena

Journal of Language Relationship, No. 9,2013 - p 23-3

We describe our experience of comparing genetic and linguistic data in relation to the Indo-European problem. Our recent comparison of the genetic variation with lexicostatistical data on North Caucasian populations identified the parallel evolution of genes and languages; one can say that history of the populations was reflected in the linguistic and the genetic mirrors. For other linguistic families one can also expect this similarity, though it could be blurred by elite dominance and other events affecting gene and lexical pools differently. Indeed, for Indo-European populations of Europe, in contrast with the Caucasus case, the partial correlation indicates a more important role of geography (r = 0.32) rather than language (r = 0.21) in structuring the gene pool; though high pair correlation (r = 0.67) between genetics and linguistics distances allows using the lexicostatistical data as good predictors of genetic similarity between populations. The similarity between genetics and linguistics was identified for both Y­chromosomal data (populations are clustered according to their language) and mitochondrial DNA (populations are clustered according to their language group). In general, we believe that there is no single genetic marker definitively linked with the expansion of Indo-European populations. Instead, we are starting a new research project aiming to identify a set of markers partially linked with separate Indo-European groups, thus allowing partial reconstructions of the multi-layer mosaic of Indo-European movements.(http://www.jolr.ru/)

some related blog post of the author:

http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2014/06/relation-of-caste-religion-language.html

http://sciencedoing.blogspot.in/2014/06/human-history-through-genetics.html

Sanskrit affinity:
http://creative.sulekha.com/why-sanskrit-is-the-mother-of-all-indo-european-languages-and-how-the-europeans-concealed-it_523229_blog

An interactive Periodic Table link:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/chemistry-the-elements-revealed-interactive-periodic-table/

Science and dreams

Learn to dream, achieve your vision !!

pic credit:http://www.whats-your-sign.com/

dream-meaning-common.html

Psychology and science of dreams has been much studied, 

theorized and understood with perspectives variable.

Away from all those technical theories, it is so commonly known that,
sleep provides rest, invigorating for next phase of awakened activity.

Often one who is hemmed in thought for days in and out, 
here brain plays tricks with this dream outlet, 
as sub conscious mind remains active 
during those consciously inactive or sleep period, 
and the moment a solution of the problem is cracked, it is revealed through the dreams.

This has had happened to many, 
as many have found their problems cracked in their dreams:

Your dreams could be the key to achieving your vision.

Mendeleev 


"I saw in a dream a table where all elements fell into place as required. Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on a piece of paper, only in one place did a correction later seem necessary."
(as quoted by Inostrantzev) 






Friedrich August Kekule von Stradonitz (Dreamed 1858 and 1865)
He described in a speech given at the Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft (German Chemical Society):
He discovered the tetravalent nature of carbon, the foundation of structural organic chemistry.

pic credit:http://itrustican.blogspot.in/2010

/12/power-your-vision-with-dreams.html

"I fell into a reverie, and lo, the atoms were gamboling before my eyes! Whenever, hitherto, these diminutive beings had appeared to me, they had always been in motion; but up to that time, I had never been able to discern the nature of their motion. Now, however, I saw how, frequently, two smaller atoms united to form a pair; how a larger one embraced the two smaller ones; how still larger ones kept hold of three or even four of the smaller; whilst the whole kept whirling in a giddy dance. I saw how the larger ones formed a chain, dragging the smaller ones after them, but only at the ends of the chain. . . The cry of the conductor: "Clapham Road," awakened me from my dreaming; but I spent part of the night in putting on paper at least sketches of these dream forms. This was the origin of the Structural Theory."

Seven years later, the more famous incident occurred: a dream in which he realized that the benzene molecule had a circular structure, not a linear one like other organic compounds known at the time.

"...I was sitting writing on my textbook, but the work did not progress; my thoughts were elsewhere. I turned my chair to the fire and dozed. Again the atoms were gamboling before my eyes. This time the smaller groups kept modestly in the background. My mental eye, rendered more acute by the repeated visions of the kind, could now distinguish larger structures of manifold conformation; long rows sometimes more closely fitted together all twining and twisting in snake-like motion. But look! What was that? One of the snakes had seized hold of its own tail, and the form whirled mockingly before my eyes. As if by a flash of lightning I awoke; and this time also I spent the rest of the night in working out the consequences of the hypothesis."

Some more dreams
Agassiz's dream correctly predicting the structure of a fossil fish, Loewi's dream of an experiment to prove nerve impulses propagate chemically, Howe's dream leading to the modern sewing machine, Einstein's dream of sledding near the speed of light, Ramanujan's mathematical dreams, Parkinson's dream of the M9 fire-controller that turned the tide against the Luftwaffe--all these and more show dreams to be just as useful in hard science and technology as they unquestionably are in the arts, humanities, and soft sciences.

(source:http://www.worlddreambank.org/K/KEKULE.HTM)

pic credit:http://www.whats-your-sign.com/
dream-meaning-common.html

  


"Let us learn to dream!!"
---Kekulé---