The major river (drainage) systems of India are:
1. Himalayan drainage system: Himalayan rivers originate in the Himalayas and flow through the Northern Plains.
2. Peninsular drainage system: The Peninsular Rivers originate in the Western Ghats. They have a large
seasonal fluctuation in volume as they are solely fed from rainfall.
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| Image Courtesy : gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/content/122/3-4/336/F1.large.jpg |
*Major Indian rivers origin in Himalayan mountain and they flow either to Bay of Bengal or Arabian sea to drain their water flow into the sea.
*Big rivers of peninsular plateau origin in Western Ghats and they empty their water to the Bay of Bengal.
*Narmada and Tapi are two exceptions to this as they empty their water in Arabian sea.
*Interestingly Chambal, Betwa, Son are older to Himalayan rivers in origin and age.
The Himalayan Drainage system:
*In Miocene geological epoch (24,000,000 -500,000 years), a giant river Shiwalik or Indo-Brahma flowed parallel to Himalaya, from Assam to Punjab, discharging water in Sindh basin near Punjab.
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| http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/drainage-river-basins.html |
*Later this Indo-Brahma divided into three drainage systems;
1. Sindh and it's five tributaries in west
1. Sindh and it's five tributaries in west
2. Ganga and it's tributaries in central
3. Brahmaputra and it's tributaries in east.
*This division of Indo-Brahma giant river was perhaps due to uplifting of western parts of Himalaya and Potwar plateau (Delhi ridge), in Pleistocene epoch.
*In similar way during Pleistocene epoch, in between Raj Mahal hills and Meghalaya plateau, change in Malda gap, diverted the Ganga and Brhamputra river systems which flowed to Bay of Bengal.
================================================================Major rivers of Chhattisgarh:
The main rivers flowing through the state of Chhattisgarh are Mahanadi, Indravati, Godavari, Narmada and many others.
These rivers, with many other tributaries, local rivers, and streams drain the state.
Major river basin of Chhattisgarh:
1.The northern part of Chhattisgarh shares a part of the Indo-Gangetic plain.
2.The Satpura Range and the Chhota Nagpur Plateau divide the Mahanadi River basin from the Indo-Gangetic plain. This Mahanadi river basin basically forms the central part of the state.
3.The southern zone of Chhattisgarh includes a part of the Deccan plateau and is served by the Godavari river and its tributaries.
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| pic credit:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ |
The Rihand River (also referred to as Rend, Rer or Rehar) is a tributary of the Son River and flows through the Indian states of Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh.
The Rihand rises from Matiranga hills, in the region south west of the Mainpat plateau, which is about 2,100 meters above mean sea level. The river flows north roughly through the central part of Surguja district for 160 kilometres (99 mi).
#Rihand river has a fall named Rakashgand fall in its journey in Surguja district of Chhatishgarh.This fall is important for tourist point of view.
The Rihand and its tributaries form a fertile plain in the central part of the district stretching from around Ambikapur to Lakhanpur and Pratappur. Thereafter, it flows north into Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh via Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh, where it is called Rhed and finally joins the Son.
It's principal tributaries in Surguja district are the Mahan, the Morana (Morni), the Geur, the Gagar, the Gobri, the Piparkachar, the Ramdia and the Galphulla. Many seasonal and perennial rivers join the Rihand reservoir such as the Kanchan, the Mayar and the Azir of Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh.
text source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rihand_River
*author extends thanks to Ms Padmavati Pandey for her valuable input and meaningful discussions during the preparation of this post.
